Pope John Paul II
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Pope John Paul II
Blessed Pope John Paul II (Latin: Ioannes Paulus PP. II, Italian: Giovanni Paolo II, Polish: Jan Paweł II), born Karol Józef Wojtyła (Polish: [ˈkarɔl ˈjuzɛf vɔjˈtɨwa]; 18 May 1920 – 2 April 2005), known as Blessed John Paul II[1][2] since his beatification on May 1, 2011, reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and Sovereign of The Holy See from 16 October 1978 until his death on 2 April 2005, at 84 years and 319 days of age. His was the second-longest documented pontificate, which lasted 26 years and 168 days; only Pope Pius IX (1846–1878) who served 31 years, has reigned longer. Pope John Paul II is the only Slavic or Polish pope to date, and was the first non-Italian Pope since Dutch Pope Adrian VI (1522–1523).[3]
John Paul II has been acclaimed as one of the most influential leaders of the 20th century.[4] It is widely held that he was instrumental in ending communism in his native Poland and eventually all of Europe.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Conversely, he denounced the excesses of capitalism.[10][11] John Paul II is widely said to have significantly improved the Catholic Church's relations with Judaism,[3][9][12] Islam,[13][14] the Eastern Orthodox Church,[3] and the Anglican Communion.[3][15] Though criticised by progressives[3][9][16] for upholding the Church's teachings against artificial contraception and the ordination of women, he was also criticized by traditionalists for his support of the Church's Second Vatican Council and its reform of the Liturgy as well as his ecumenical efforts.[3][17][18] Since his death, he has been criticized for failing to act on accusations of sexual child abuse by priests, including those against founder of Legion of Christ Marcial Maciel.[19]
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John Paul II has been acclaimed as one of the most influential leaders of the 20th century.[4] It is widely held that he was instrumental in ending communism in his native Poland and eventually all of Europe.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Conversely, he denounced the excesses of capitalism.[10][11] John Paul II is widely said to have significantly improved the Catholic Church's relations with Judaism,[3][9][12] Islam,[13][14] the Eastern Orthodox Church,[3] and the Anglican Communion.[3][15] Though criticised by progressives[3][9][16] for upholding the Church's teachings against artificial contraception and the ordination of women, he was also criticized by traditionalists for his support of the Church's Second Vatican Council and its reform of the Liturgy as well as his ecumenical efforts.[3][17][18] Since his death, he has been criticized for failing to act on accusations of sexual child abuse by priests, including those against founder of Legion of Christ Marcial Maciel.[19]
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